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Pathway Human Homo sapiens

Cleavage of the damaged purine

R-HSA-110331 in Reactome release 97: under Depurination, with 55 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 0 child pathways in the hierarchy.

The same number in the other species

Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-110331 (mouse), R-RNO-110331 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.

01The record

Reactome's own record of this pathway

What this tells you

The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.

Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions. [R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.

On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available. [R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required. [R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.

A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].

  1. [R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
  2. [R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
  3. [R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
  4. [R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
  5. [R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.
Reading this pathway's record from Reactome (the pathway record).Still reading. A first read of a pathway can take a while; this page waits up to 35 seconds for it, and its scripts then bring in the panel, or a line saying what did not arrive.

02The genes

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway

The mapping files place 55 genes in this human pathway; showing 1 to 55, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway, page 1 of 1
GeneACDAuthorityHGNC:25070Mapping file id65057 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AB1AuthorityHGNC:22516Mapping file id474382 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AC14AuthorityHGNC:4727Mapping file id8331 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AC18AuthorityHGNC:4736Mapping file id8337 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AC19AuthorityHGNC:29668Mapping file id723790 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AC20AuthorityHGNC:4738Mapping file id8338 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AC4AuthorityHGNC:4734Mapping file id8335 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AC6AuthorityHGNC:4733Mapping file id8334 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AC7AuthorityHGNC:4729Mapping file id3013 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AC8AuthorityHGNC:4724Mapping file id3012 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AJAuthorityHGNC:14456Mapping file id55766 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AXAuthorityHGNC:4739Mapping file id3014 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2AZ2AuthorityHGNC:20664Mapping file id94239 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC1AuthorityHGNC:18730Mapping file id255626 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC10AuthorityHGNC:4756Mapping file id8346 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC11AuthorityHGNC:4761Mapping file id8970 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC12AuthorityHGNC:13954Mapping file id85236 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC12LAuthorityHGNC:4762Mapping file id54145 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC13AuthorityHGNC:4748Mapping file id8340 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC14AuthorityHGNC:4750Mapping file id8342 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC15AuthorityHGNC:4749Mapping file id8341 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC17AuthorityHGNC:4758Mapping file id8348 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC21AuthorityHGNC:4760Mapping file id8349 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC26AuthorityHGNC:20514Mapping file id128312 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC3AuthorityHGNC:4751Mapping file id3018 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC4AuthorityHGNC:4757Mapping file id8347 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC5AuthorityHGNC:4747Mapping file id3017 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC6AuthorityHGNC:4753Mapping file id8344 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC7AuthorityHGNC:4752Mapping file id8343 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC8AuthorityHGNC:4746Mapping file id8339 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH2BC9AuthorityHGNC:4755Mapping file id8345 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3-4AuthorityHGNC:4778Mapping file id8290 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C1AuthorityHGNC:4781Mapping file id8359 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C11AuthorityHGNC:4785Mapping file id8363 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C12AuthorityHGNC:4784Mapping file id8362 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C13AuthorityHGNC:4791Mapping file id8368 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C14AuthorityHGNC:4794Mapping file id8370 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C15AuthorityHGNC:29607Mapping file id554313 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C16AuthorityHGNC:20510Mapping file id121504 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C2AuthorityHGNC:4789Mapping file id8366 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C3AuthorityHGNC:4787Mapping file id8364 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C4AuthorityHGNC:4782Mapping file id8360 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C5AuthorityHGNC:4790Mapping file id8367 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C6AuthorityHGNC:4783Mapping file id8361 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C8AuthorityHGNC:4788Mapping file id8365 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH4C9AuthorityHGNC:4793Mapping file id8294 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneMPGAuthorityHGNC:7211Mapping file id4350 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneMUTYHAuthorityHGNC:7527Mapping file id4595 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNEIL3AuthorityHGNC:24573Mapping file id55247 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneOGG1AuthorityHGNC:8125Mapping file id4968 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOT1AuthorityHGNC:17284Mapping file id25913 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneTERF1AuthorityHGNC:11728Mapping file id7013 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneTERF2AuthorityHGNC:11729Mapping file id7014 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneTERF2IPAuthorityHGNC:19246Mapping file id54386 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneTINF2AuthorityHGNC:11824Mapping file id26277 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS

Evidence codes on this page: IEA, TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.

  • Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.

03The hierarchy

Parents and children in this release's hierarchy

Children

None: no pathway of this release's list names this one as a parent.

Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.

  • Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.