Pathway Human Homo sapiens
Cleavage of the damaged purine
R-HSA-110331 in Reactome release 97: under Depurination, with 55 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 0 child pathways in the hierarchy.
The same number in the other species
Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-110331 (mouse), R-RNO-110331 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.
01The record
Reactome's own record of this pathway
What this tells you
The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.
Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions.
[R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.
On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available.
[R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required.
[R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.
A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].
- [R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
- [R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
- [R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
- [R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
- [R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.
02The genes
Genes Reactome places in this human pathway
The mapping files place 55 genes in this human pathway; showing 1 to 55, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.
| Gene | Authority id | Mapping file id | Evidence codes |
|---|---|---|---|
| GeneACD | AuthorityHGNC:25070 | Mapping file id65057 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AB1 | AuthorityHGNC:22516 | Mapping file id474382 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AC14 | AuthorityHGNC:4727 | Mapping file id8331 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AC18 | AuthorityHGNC:4736 | Mapping file id8337 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AC19 | AuthorityHGNC:29668 | Mapping file id723790 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AC20 | AuthorityHGNC:4738 | Mapping file id8338 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AC4 | AuthorityHGNC:4734 | Mapping file id8335 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AC6 | AuthorityHGNC:4733 | Mapping file id8334 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AC7 | AuthorityHGNC:4729 | Mapping file id3013 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AC8 | AuthorityHGNC:4724 | Mapping file id3012 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AJ | AuthorityHGNC:14456 | Mapping file id55766 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AX | AuthorityHGNC:4739 | Mapping file id3014 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2AZ2 | AuthorityHGNC:20664 | Mapping file id94239 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC1 | AuthorityHGNC:18730 | Mapping file id255626 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC10 | AuthorityHGNC:4756 | Mapping file id8346 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC11 | AuthorityHGNC:4761 | Mapping file id8970 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC12 | AuthorityHGNC:13954 | Mapping file id85236 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC12L | AuthorityHGNC:4762 | Mapping file id54145 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC13 | AuthorityHGNC:4748 | Mapping file id8340 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC14 | AuthorityHGNC:4750 | Mapping file id8342 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC15 | AuthorityHGNC:4749 | Mapping file id8341 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC17 | AuthorityHGNC:4758 | Mapping file id8348 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC21 | AuthorityHGNC:4760 | Mapping file id8349 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC26 | AuthorityHGNC:20514 | Mapping file id128312 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC3 | AuthorityHGNC:4751 | Mapping file id3018 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC4 | AuthorityHGNC:4757 | Mapping file id8347 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC5 | AuthorityHGNC:4747 | Mapping file id3017 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC6 | AuthorityHGNC:4753 | Mapping file id8344 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC7 | AuthorityHGNC:4752 | Mapping file id8343 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC8 | AuthorityHGNC:4746 | Mapping file id8339 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH2BC9 | AuthorityHGNC:4755 | Mapping file id8345 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH3-4 | AuthorityHGNC:4778 | Mapping file id8290 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C1 | AuthorityHGNC:4781 | Mapping file id8359 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C11 | AuthorityHGNC:4785 | Mapping file id8363 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C12 | AuthorityHGNC:4784 | Mapping file id8362 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C13 | AuthorityHGNC:4791 | Mapping file id8368 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C14 | AuthorityHGNC:4794 | Mapping file id8370 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C15 | AuthorityHGNC:29607 | Mapping file id554313 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C16 | AuthorityHGNC:20510 | Mapping file id121504 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C2 | AuthorityHGNC:4789 | Mapping file id8366 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C3 | AuthorityHGNC:4787 | Mapping file id8364 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C4 | AuthorityHGNC:4782 | Mapping file id8360 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C5 | AuthorityHGNC:4790 | Mapping file id8367 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C6 | AuthorityHGNC:4783 | Mapping file id8361 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C8 | AuthorityHGNC:4788 | Mapping file id8365 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneH4C9 | AuthorityHGNC:4793 | Mapping file id8294 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneMPG | AuthorityHGNC:7211 | Mapping file id4350 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneMUTYH | AuthorityHGNC:7527 | Mapping file id4595 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneNEIL3 | AuthorityHGNC:24573 | Mapping file id55247 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneOGG1 | AuthorityHGNC:8125 | Mapping file id4968 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GenePOT1 | AuthorityHGNC:17284 | Mapping file id25913 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTERF1 | AuthorityHGNC:11728 | Mapping file id7013 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTERF2 | AuthorityHGNC:11729 | Mapping file id7014 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTERF2IP | AuthorityHGNC:19246 | Mapping file id54386 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTINF2 | AuthorityHGNC:11824 | Mapping file id26277 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
Evidence codes on this page: IEA, TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.
- Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.
03The hierarchy
Parents and children in this release's hierarchy
Children
None: no pathway of this release's list names this one as a parent.
Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.
- Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.