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Pathway Human Homo sapiens

The phototransduction cascade

R-HSA-2514856 in Reactome release 97: under Visual phototransduction, with 38 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 2 child pathways in the hierarchy.

The same number in the other species

Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-2514856 (mouse), R-RNO-2514856 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.

01The record

Reactome's own record of this pathway

What this tells you

The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.

Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions. [R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.

On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available. [R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required. [R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.

A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].

  1. [R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
  2. [R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
  3. [R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
  4. [R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
  5. [R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.
Reading this pathway's record from Reactome (the pathway record).Still reading. A first read of a pathway can take a while; this page waits up to 35 seconds for it, and its scripts then bring in the panel, or a line saying what did not arrive.

02The genes

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway

The mapping files place 38 genes in this human pathway; showing 1 to 38, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway, page 1 of 1
GeneCALM1AuthorityHGNC:1442Mapping file id801 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneCALM2AuthorityHGNC:1445Mapping file id805 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneCALM3AuthorityHGNC:1449Mapping file id808 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneCAMKMTAuthorityHGNC:26276Mapping file id79823 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCHURC1-FNTBAuthorityHGNC:42960Mapping file id100529261 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCNGA1AuthorityHGNC:2148Mapping file id1259 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCNGB1AuthorityHGNC:2151Mapping file id1258 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFNTAAuthorityHGNC:3782Mapping file id2339 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFNTBAuthorityHGNC:3785Mapping file id2342 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGNAT1AuthorityHGNC:4393Mapping file id2779 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneGNB1AuthorityHGNC:4396Mapping file id2782 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneGNB5AuthorityHGNC:4401Mapping file id10681 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneGNGT1AuthorityHGNC:4411Mapping file id2792 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneGRK1AuthorityHGNC:10013Mapping file id6011 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneGRK4AuthorityHGNC:4543Mapping file id2868 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGRK7AuthorityHGNC:17031Mapping file id131890 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGUCA1AAuthorityHGNC:4678Mapping file id2978 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGUCA1ANB-GUCA1AAuthorityHGNC:56129Mapping file id118142757 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGUCA1BAuthorityHGNC:4679Mapping file id2979 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGUCA1CAuthorityHGNC:4680Mapping file id9626 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGUCY2DAuthorityHGNC:4689Mapping file id3000 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGUCY2FAuthorityHGNC:4691Mapping file id2986 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneMETAP1AuthorityHGNC:15789Mapping file id23173 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneMETAP2AuthorityHGNC:16672Mapping file id10988 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNMT1AuthorityHGNC:7857Mapping file id4836 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNMT2AuthorityHGNC:7858Mapping file id9397 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePDE6AAuthorityHGNC:8785Mapping file id5145 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GenePDE6BAuthorityHGNC:8786Mapping file id5158 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GenePDE6GAuthorityHGNC:8789Mapping file id5148 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GenePPEF1AuthorityHGNC:9243Mapping file id5475 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePRKCAAuthorityHGNC:9393Mapping file id5578 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA
GenePRKCQAuthorityHGNC:9410Mapping file id5588 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA
GeneRCVRNAuthorityHGNC:9937Mapping file id5957 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneRGS9AuthorityHGNC:10004Mapping file id8787 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneRGS9BPAuthorityHGNC:30304Mapping file id388531 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneRHOAuthorityHGNC:10012Mapping file id6010 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneSAGAuthorityHGNC:10521Mapping file id6295 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneSLC24A1AuthorityHGNC:10975Mapping file id9187 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA

Evidence codes on this page: IEA, TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.

  • Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.

03The hierarchy

Parents and children in this release's hierarchy

Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.

  • Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.