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Pathway Human Homo sapiens

Homology Directed Repair

R-HSA-5693538 in Reactome release 97: under DNA Double-Strand Break Repair, with 141 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 2 child pathways in the hierarchy.

The same number in the other species

Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-5693538 (mouse), R-RNO-5693538 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.

01The record

Reactome's own record of this pathway

What this tells you

The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.

Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions. [R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.

On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available. [R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required. [R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.

A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].

  1. [R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
  2. [R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
  3. [R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
  4. [R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
  5. [R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.
Reading this pathway's record from Reactome (the pathway record).Still reading. A first read of a pathway can take a while; this page waits up to 35 seconds for it, and its scripts then bring in the panel, or a line saying what did not arrive.

02The genes

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway

The mapping files place 141 genes in this human pathway; showing 1 to 100, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway, page 1 of 2
GeneABL1AuthorityHGNC:76Mapping file id25 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneABRAXAS1AuthorityHGNC:25829Mapping file id84142 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATMAuthorityHGNC:795Mapping file id472 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATRAuthorityHGNC:882Mapping file id545 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATRIPAuthorityHGNC:33499Mapping file id84126 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBABAM1AuthorityHGNC:25008Mapping file id29086 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBABAM2AuthorityHGNC:1106Mapping file id9577 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBARD1AuthorityHGNC:952Mapping file id580 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBLMAuthorityHGNC:1058Mapping file id641 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBRCA1AuthorityHGNC:1100Mapping file id672 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBRCA2AuthorityHGNC:1101Mapping file id675 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBRCC3AuthorityHGNC:24185Mapping file id79184 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBRIP1AuthorityHGNC:20473Mapping file id83990 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCNA1AuthorityHGNC:1577Mapping file id8900 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCNA2AuthorityHGNC:1578Mapping file id890 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCDK2AuthorityHGNC:1771Mapping file id1017 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCHEK1AuthorityHGNC:1925Mapping file id1111 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCLSPNAuthorityHGNC:19715Mapping file id63967 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneDNA2AuthorityHGNC:2939Mapping file id1763 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneEME1AuthorityHGNC:24965Mapping file id146956 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneEME2AuthorityHGNC:27289Mapping file id197342 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneERCC1AuthorityHGNC:3433Mapping file id2067 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneERCC4AuthorityHGNC:3436Mapping file id2072 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneEXO1AuthorityHGNC:3511Mapping file id9156 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFEN1AuthorityHGNC:3650Mapping file id2237 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFIGNL1AuthorityHGNC:13286Mapping file id63979 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFIRRMAuthorityHGNC:25565Mapping file id55732 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGEN1AuthorityHGNC:26881Mapping file id348654 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2AXAuthorityHGNC:4739Mapping file id3014 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC1AuthorityHGNC:18730Mapping file id255626 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC10AuthorityHGNC:4756Mapping file id8346 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC11AuthorityHGNC:4761Mapping file id8970 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC12AuthorityHGNC:13954Mapping file id85236 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC12LAuthorityHGNC:4762Mapping file id54145 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC13AuthorityHGNC:4748Mapping file id8340 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC14AuthorityHGNC:4750Mapping file id8342 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC15AuthorityHGNC:4749Mapping file id8341 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC17AuthorityHGNC:4758Mapping file id8348 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC21AuthorityHGNC:4760Mapping file id8349 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC26AuthorityHGNC:20514Mapping file id128312 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC3AuthorityHGNC:4751Mapping file id3018 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC4AuthorityHGNC:4757Mapping file id8347 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC5AuthorityHGNC:4747Mapping file id3017 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC6AuthorityHGNC:4753Mapping file id8344 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC7AuthorityHGNC:4752Mapping file id8343 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC8AuthorityHGNC:4746Mapping file id8339 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC9AuthorityHGNC:4755Mapping file id8345 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH3-4AuthorityHGNC:4778Mapping file id8290 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C1AuthorityHGNC:4781Mapping file id8359 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C11AuthorityHGNC:4785Mapping file id8363 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C12AuthorityHGNC:4784Mapping file id8362 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C13AuthorityHGNC:4791Mapping file id8368 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C14AuthorityHGNC:4794Mapping file id8370 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C15AuthorityHGNC:29607Mapping file id554313 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C16AuthorityHGNC:20510Mapping file id121504 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C2AuthorityHGNC:4789Mapping file id8366 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C3AuthorityHGNC:4787Mapping file id8364 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C4AuthorityHGNC:4782Mapping file id8360 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C5AuthorityHGNC:4790Mapping file id8367 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C6AuthorityHGNC:4783Mapping file id8361 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C8AuthorityHGNC:4788Mapping file id8365 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH4C9AuthorityHGNC:4793Mapping file id8294 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneHERC2AuthorityHGNC:4868Mapping file id8924 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneHUS1AuthorityHGNC:5309Mapping file id3364 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneKAT5AuthorityHGNC:5275Mapping file id10524 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneLIG1AuthorityHGNC:6598Mapping file id3978 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneLIG3AuthorityHGNC:6600Mapping file id3980 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneMDC1AuthorityHGNC:21163Mapping file id9656 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneMRE11AuthorityHGNC:7230Mapping file id4361 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneMUS81AuthorityHGNC:29814Mapping file id80198 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNBNAuthorityHGNC:7652Mapping file id4683 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNSD2AuthorityHGNC:12766Mapping file id7468 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePALB2AuthorityHGNC:26144Mapping file id79728 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePARP1AuthorityHGNC:270Mapping file id142 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePARP2AuthorityHGNC:272Mapping file id10038 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePCNAAuthorityHGNC:8729Mapping file id5111 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePIAS4AuthorityHGNC:17002Mapping file id51588 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOLD1AuthorityHGNC:9175Mapping file id5424 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOLD2AuthorityHGNC:9176Mapping file id5425 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOLD3AuthorityHGNC:20932Mapping file id10714 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOLD4AuthorityHGNC:14106Mapping file id57804 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOLEAuthorityHGNC:9177Mapping file id5426 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOLE2AuthorityHGNC:9178Mapping file id5427 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOLE3AuthorityHGNC:13546Mapping file id54107 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOLE4AuthorityHGNC:18755Mapping file id56655 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOLHAuthorityHGNC:9181Mapping file id5429 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOLKAuthorityHGNC:9183Mapping file id51426 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePOLQAuthorityHGNC:9186Mapping file id10721 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePPP4CAuthorityHGNC:9319Mapping file id5531 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GenePPP4R2AuthorityHGNC:18296Mapping file id151987 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneRAD1AuthorityHGNC:9806Mapping file id5810 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneRAD17AuthorityHGNC:9807Mapping file id5884 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneRAD50AuthorityHGNC:9816Mapping file id10111 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneRAD51AuthorityHGNC:9817Mapping file id5888 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneRAD51AP1AuthorityHGNC:16956Mapping file id10635 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneRAD51BAuthorityHGNC:9822Mapping file id5890 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneRAD51CAuthorityHGNC:9820Mapping file id5889 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneRAD51DAuthorityHGNC:9823Mapping file id5892 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneRAD52AuthorityHGNC:9824Mapping file id5893 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneRAD9AAuthorityHGNC:9827Mapping file id5883 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS

Evidence codes on this page: TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.

  • Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.

03The hierarchy

Parents and children in this release's hierarchy

Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.

  • Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.