Pathway Human Homo sapiens

RSV-host interactions

R-HSA-9833110 in Reactome release 97: under Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Pathway, with 99 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 1 child pathway in the hierarchy.

The same number in the other species

Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id; neither of the other two lists holds it. Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.

The record
The genes
Parents and children

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This page reads the pathway's record from its source while you read the rest; with scripts off the card stays at its loading line. Reload with scripts on to see it, or open the source's own page from the link in the card.

01The record

Reactome's own record of this pathway

What this tells you

The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.

Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions. [R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.

On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available. [R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required. [R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.

A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].

[R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
[R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
[R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
[R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
[R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.

Stable id: R-HSA-9833110.2
Class: Pathway
Species: Homo sapiens (human)
Inferred: no: a curated human pathway
Disease pathway: yes, as Reactome flags it
Released: 2023-12-06
Events inside: 16, counted from the record

Airway epithelial cells are the primary target for human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and other inhaled pathogens (Zhang et al., 2002). In response to RSV infection, airway epithelial cells initiate both inflammatory responses and antiviral immune responses to effectively eliminate the virus (reviewed by Espinoza, Bueno et al., 2014; Lay et al., 2016; Hu et al., 2020; Ouyang et al., 2022). Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors (RLRs), detect viral components such as RSV genomic RNA and trigger the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and type I interferons (Liu et al. 2007; reviewed by Espinoza et al., 2014; Hu et al., 2020; Ouyang et al., 2022). Additionally, airway epithelial cells recruit other innate immune cells including polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), macrophages, and natural killer cells to establish an antiviral environment and facilitate the resolution of inflammation within the lungs (Miura 2019). The impact of RSV infection on the host cell transcriptome and proteome is reviewed by Hu et al., 2020. The adaptive immune response controls RSV infection by secreting antibodies (Jones et al., 2018; Fong et al., 2023) or by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) that recognize and eliminate RSV-infected cells (Lukens et al., 2010; De et al., 2023). RSV evolved strategies to evade or subvert these host responses, allowing an infection to be established and persist within the host (reviewed by Espinoza, Bohmwald et al., 2014; Lay et al., 2016; Hu et al., 2020; Brasier 2020; Stephens & Varga 2020; Ouyang et al., 2022; van Royen et al., 2022). For example, the NS1 and NS2 proteins target the signaling molecules involved in the innate immune response suppressing PRR-induced IFN production and IFN-mediated signaling pathways (reviewed by Sedeyn et al., 2019; Thornhill & Verhoeven, 2020). Viral SH has been implicated in inhibiting apoptotic pathway, a type of non-inflammatory cell death that limits viral propagation (Li et al., 2015). At the same time, Triantafilou et al. (2013) have reported that viral SH promotes an inflammatory necrotic cell death to release the cell content. Further, the binding of RSV G protein to leukocytes involves the host CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) and results in blocking signaling and trafficking of CX3CR1-expressing Th1 immune cells to the lungs, facilitating RSV infection (Harcourt et al., 2006). The hRSV NS2 protein induces cell shedding into large airways causing an acute airway obstruction in an animal model of RSV infection through an unknown mechanism (Liesman et al., 2014).

Several host factors contribute to the pathogenesis of RSV infection and its long-term effects, including age, prematurity, underlying respiratory conditions such as chronic lung disease including cystic fibrosis, deficiencies in specific immune components or dysregulated immune responses (reviewed by Carvajal et al., 2019). In some cases, an exaggerated immune response to RSV infection can affect the host's ability to control viral infection leading to immunopathology. For example, elevated production of Th2-type cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13) in response to RSV infection leads to airway hyperreactivity and increased risk of developing asthma after hRSV infection (Vu et al., 2019; Dong et al., 2023; reviewed by Norlander & Peebles 2020; Manti & Piedimonte 2022). The outcome of RSV infection depends on a complex interplay between the immune responses induced by the host and the strategies developed by RSV to subvert these responses.

This Reactome module describes molecular mechanisms by which specific RSV components modulate innate and adaptive immune responses, programmed cell death, and host gene expression.

Literature Reactome attaches

Impact of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection on Host Functions: Implications for Antiviral StrategiesPhysiol Rev, 2020, vol. 100, p. 1527-1594PubMed 32216549
New insights on the viral and host factors contributing to the airway pathogenesis caused by the respiratory syncytial virusCrit Rev Microbiol, 2016, vol. 42, p. 800-12PubMed 26119025
An overview on the RSV-mediated mechanisms in the onset of non-allergic asthmaFront Pediatr, 2022, vol. 10, p. 998296PubMed 36204661
How RSV Proteins Join Forces to Overcome the Host Innate Immune ResponseViruses, 2022, vol. 14PubMed 35216012
Modulation of host adaptive immunity by hRSV proteinsVirulence, 2014, vol. 5, p. 740-51PubMed 25513775

Reactome ContentService, this pathway's record · Reactome v97 · read 2026-10-05 ET · Reactome pathway browser"RSV-host interactions". Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#/R-HSA-9833110 with StableID: R-HSA-9833110.2 (accessed 2026-10-05 ET). Reactome version 97 (CC0).

Reading this pathway's record from Reactome (the pathway record).Still reading. A first read of a pathway can take a while; this page waits up to 35 seconds for it, and its scripts then bring in the panel, or a line saying what did not arrive.

02The genes

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway

The mapping files place 99 genes in this human pathway; showing 1 to 99, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking. 2 of the rows shown carry an id the identity file does not name, kept as the source wrote it.

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway, page 1 of 1
Gene	Authority id	Mapping file id	Evidence codes
GeneAGRN	AuthorityHGNC:329	Mapping file id375790 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneARIH1	AuthorityHGNC:689	Mapping file id25820 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneBCAP31	AuthorityHGNC:16695	Mapping file id10134 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneBECN1	AuthorityHGNC:1034	Mapping file id8678 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneCCNC	AuthorityHGNC:1581	Mapping file id892 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneCD14	AuthorityHGNC:1628	Mapping file id929 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneCD209	AuthorityHGNC:1641	Mapping file id30835 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneCDK19	AuthorityHGNC:19338	Mapping file id23097 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneCDK8	AuthorityHGNC:1779	Mapping file id1024 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneCLEC4M	AuthorityHGNC:13523	Mapping file id10332 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneCREBBP	AuthorityHGNC:2348	Mapping file id1387 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneCUL5	AuthorityHGNC:2556	Mapping file id8065 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneCX3CR1	AuthorityHGNC:2558	Mapping file id1524 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneEIF2AK2	AuthorityHGNC:9437	Mapping file id5610 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneELOB	AuthorityHGNC:11619	Mapping file id6923 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneELOC	AuthorityHGNC:11617	Mapping file id6921 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneEP300	AuthorityHGNC:3373	Mapping file id2033 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC1	AuthorityHGNC:4449	Mapping file id2817 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC2	AuthorityHGNC:4450	Mapping file id221914 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC3	AuthorityHGNC:4451	Mapping file id2719 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC4	AuthorityHGNC:4452	Mapping file id2239 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC5	AuthorityHGNC:4453	Mapping file id2262 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC6	AuthorityHGNC:4454	Mapping file id10082 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH2BC15	AuthorityHGNC:4749	Mapping file id8341 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHERC5	AuthorityHGNC:24368	Mapping file id51191 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHSPG2	AuthorityHGNC:5273	Mapping file id3339 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFIH1	AuthorityHGNC:18873	Mapping file id64135 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA1	AuthorityHGNC:5417	Mapping file id3439 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA10	AuthorityHGNC:5418	Mapping file id3446 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA14	AuthorityHGNC:5420	Mapping file id3448 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA16	AuthorityHGNC:5421	Mapping file id3449 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA17	AuthorityHGNC:5422	Mapping file id3451 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA2	AuthorityHGNC:5423	Mapping file id3440 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA21	AuthorityHGNC:5424	Mapping file id3452 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA4	AuthorityHGNC:5425	Mapping file id3441 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA5	AuthorityHGNC:5426	Mapping file id3442 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA6	AuthorityHGNC:5427	Mapping file id3443 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA7	AuthorityHGNC:5428	Mapping file id3444 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA8	AuthorityHGNC:5429	Mapping file id3445 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNAR1	AuthorityHGNC:5432	Mapping file id3454 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNAR2	AuthorityHGNC:5433	Mapping file id3455 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNB1	AuthorityHGNC:5434	Mapping file id3456 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIRF3	AuthorityHGNC:6118	Mapping file id3661 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneISG15	AuthorityHGNC:4053	Mapping file id9636 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneJAK1	AuthorityHGNC:6190	Mapping file id3716 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneLY96	AuthorityHGNC:17156	Mapping file id23643 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMAP1B	AuthorityHGNC:6836	Mapping file id4131 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMAVS	AuthorityHGNC:29233	Mapping file id57506 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED1	AuthorityHGNC:9234	Mapping file id5469 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED10	AuthorityHGNC:28760	Mapping file id84246 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED11	AuthorityHGNC:32687	Mapping file id400569 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED12	AuthorityHGNC:11957	Mapping file id9968 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED13	AuthorityHGNC:22474	Mapping file id9969 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED13L	AuthorityHGNC:22962	Mapping file id23389 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED14	AuthorityHGNC:2370	Mapping file id9282 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED15	AuthorityHGNC:14248	Mapping file id51586 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED16	AuthorityHGNC:17556	Mapping file id10025 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED17	AuthorityHGNC:2375	Mapping file id9440 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED18	AuthorityHGNC:25944	Mapping file id54797 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED19	AuthorityHGNC:29600	Mapping file id219541 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED20	AuthorityHGNC:16840	Mapping file id9477 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED21	AuthorityHGNC:11473	Mapping file id9412 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED22	AuthorityHGNC:11477	Mapping file id6837 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED23	AuthorityHGNC:2372	Mapping file id9439 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED24	AuthorityHGNC:22963	Mapping file id9862 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED25	AuthorityHGNC:28845	Mapping file id81857 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED26	AuthorityHGNC:2376	Mapping file id9441 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED27	AuthorityHGNC:2377	Mapping file id9442 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED28	AuthorityHGNC:24628	Mapping file id80306 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED29	AuthorityHGNC:23074	Mapping file id55588 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED30	AuthorityHGNC:23032	Mapping file id90390 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED31	AuthorityHGNC:24260	Mapping file id51003 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED4	AuthorityHGNC:17903	Mapping file id29079 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED6	AuthorityHGNC:19970	Mapping file id10001 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED7	AuthorityHGNC:2378	Mapping file id9443 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED8	AuthorityHGNC:19971	Mapping file id112950 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneMED9	AuthorityHGNC:25487	Mapping file id55090 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneOAS2	AuthorityHGNC:8087	Mapping file id4939 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneRBX1	AuthorityHGNC:9928	Mapping file id9978 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneRIGI	AuthorityHGNC:19102	Mapping file id23586 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneRPS27A	AuthorityHGNC:10417	Mapping file id6233 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneSDC1	AuthorityHGNC:10658	Mapping file id6382 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneSDC2	AuthorityHGNC:10659	Mapping file id6383 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneSDC3	AuthorityHGNC:10660	Mapping file id9672 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneSDC4	AuthorityHGNC:10661	Mapping file id6385 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneSTAT2	AuthorityHGNC:11363	Mapping file id6773 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneTLR2	AuthorityHGNC:11848	Mapping file id7097 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneTLR3	AuthorityHGNC:11849	Mapping file id7098 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneTLR4	AuthorityHGNC:11850	Mapping file id7099 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneTLR6	AuthorityHGNC:16711	Mapping file id10333 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneTLR7	AuthorityHGNC:15631	Mapping file id51284 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneTRIM25	AuthorityHGNC:12932	Mapping file id7706 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneTYK2	AuthorityHGNC:12440	Mapping file id7297 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneUBA52	AuthorityHGNC:12458	Mapping file id7311 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneUBB	AuthorityHGNC:12463	Mapping file id7314 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneUBC	AuthorityHGNC:12468	Mapping file id7316 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneUBE2L6	AuthorityHGNC:12490	Mapping file id9246 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
Geneno symbol in the identity file	Authoritynone	Mapping file idKT992094 as written	EvidenceTAS
Geneno symbol in the identity file	Authoritynone	Mapping file idU39662 as written	EvidenceTAS

Evidence codes on this page: TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.

Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read 2026-09-09 · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.

03The hierarchy

Parents and children in this release's hierarchy

Parents

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection PathwayR-HSA-9820952122 genes

Children

Evasion by RSV of host interferon responsesR-HSA-983310934 genes

Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.

Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read 2026-09-09 · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.