Pathway Human Homo sapiens

Hemostasis

R-HSA-109582 in Reactome release 97: a top-level pathway, with 692 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 7 child pathways in the hierarchy.

The same number in the other species

Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-109582 (mouse), R-RNO-109582 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.

The record
The genes
Parents and children

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This page reads the pathway's record from its source while you read the rest; with scripts off the card stays at its loading line. Reload with scripts on to see it, or open the source's own page from the link in the card.

01The record

Reactome's own record of this pathway

What this tells you

The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.

Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions. [R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.

On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available. [R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required. [R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.

A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].

[R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
[R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
[R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
[R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
[R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.

Stable id: R-HSA-109582.6
Class: TopLevelPathway
Species: Homo sapiens (human)
Inferred: no: a curated human pathway
Disease pathway: no
Released: 2005-04-11
Last updated: 2022-06-09
Events inside: 7, counted from the record
Also named: Blood coagulation

Hemostasis is a physiological response that culminates in the arrest of bleeding from an injured vessel. Under normal conditions the vascular endothelium supports vasodilation, inhibits platelet adhesion and activation, suppresses coagulation, enhances fibrin cleavage and is anti-inflammatory in character. Under acute vascular trauma, vasoconstrictor mechanisms predominate and the endothelium becomes prothrombotic, procoagulatory and proinflammatory in nature. This is achieved by a reduction of endothelial dilating agents: adenosine, NO and prostacyclin; and by the direct action of ADP, serotonin and thromboxane on vascular smooth muscle cells to elicit their contraction (Becker et al. 2000). The chief trigger for the change in endothelial function that leads to the formation of a haemostatic thrombus is the loss of the endothelial cell barrier between blood and extracellular matrix components (Ruggeri 2002). Circulating platelets identify and discriminate areas of endothelial lesions; here, they adhere to the exposed sub endothelium. Their interaction with the various thrombogenic substrates and locally generated or released agonists results in platelet activation. This process is described as possessing two stages, firstly, adhesion - the initial tethering to a surface, and secondly aggregation - the platelet-platelet cohesion (Savage & Cattaneo et al. 2001). Three mechansism contribute to the loss of blood following vessel injury. The vessel constricts, reducing the loss of blood. Platelets adhere to the site of injury, become activated and aggregate with fibrinogen into a soft plug that limits blood loss, a process termed primary hemostasis. Proteins and small molecules are released from granules by activated platelets, stimulating the plug formation process. Fibrinogen from plasma forms bridges between activated platelets. These events initiate the clotting cascade (secondary hemostasis). Negatively-charged phospholipids exposed at the site of injury and on activated platelets interact with tissue factor, leading to a cascade of reactions that culminates with the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot.

Literature Reactome attaches

Reading this pathway's record from Reactome (the pathway record).Still reading. A first read of a pathway can take a while; this page waits up to 35 seconds for it, and its scripts then bring in the panel, or a line saying what did not arrive.

02The genes

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway

The mapping files place 692 genes in this human pathway; showing 201 to 300, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway, page 3 of 7
Gene	Authority id	Mapping file id	Evidence codes
GeneGP5	AuthorityHGNC:4443	Mapping file id2814 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGP6	AuthorityHGNC:14388	Mapping file id51206 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGP9	AuthorityHGNC:4444	Mapping file id2815 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC1	AuthorityHGNC:4449	Mapping file id2817 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC2	AuthorityHGNC:4450	Mapping file id221914 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC3	AuthorityHGNC:4451	Mapping file id2719 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC4	AuthorityHGNC:4452	Mapping file id2239 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC5	AuthorityHGNC:4453	Mapping file id2262 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGPC6	AuthorityHGNC:4454	Mapping file id10082 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGRB14	AuthorityHGNC:4565	Mapping file id2888 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGRB2	AuthorityHGNC:4566	Mapping file id2885 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGRB7	AuthorityHGNC:4567	Mapping file id2886 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGTPBP2	AuthorityHGNC:4670	Mapping file id54676 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGUCY1A1	AuthorityHGNC:4685	Mapping file id2982 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA
GeneGUCY1A2	AuthorityHGNC:4684	Mapping file id2977 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA
GeneGUCY1B1	AuthorityHGNC:4687	Mapping file id2983 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA
GeneGYPA	AuthorityHGNC:4702	Mapping file id2993 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGYPB	AuthorityHGNC:4703	Mapping file id2994 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneGYPC	AuthorityHGNC:4704	Mapping file id2995 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3-3A	AuthorityHGNC:4764	Mapping file id3020 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3-3B	AuthorityHGNC:4765	Mapping file id3021 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C1	AuthorityHGNC:4766	Mapping file id8350 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C10	AuthorityHGNC:4775	Mapping file id8357 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C11	AuthorityHGNC:4771	Mapping file id8354 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C12	AuthorityHGNC:4774	Mapping file id8356 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C13	AuthorityHGNC:25311	Mapping file id653604 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C14	AuthorityHGNC:20503	Mapping file id126961 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C15	AuthorityHGNC:20505	Mapping file id333932 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C2	AuthorityHGNC:4776	Mapping file id8358 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C3	AuthorityHGNC:4768	Mapping file id8352 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C4	AuthorityHGNC:4767	Mapping file id8351 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C6	AuthorityHGNC:4769	Mapping file id8353 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C7	AuthorityHGNC:4773	Mapping file id8968 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneH3C8	AuthorityHGNC:4772	Mapping file id8355 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHABP4	AuthorityHGNC:17062	Mapping file id22927 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHBB	AuthorityHGNC:4827	Mapping file id3043 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHBD	AuthorityHGNC:4829	Mapping file id3045 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHBE1	AuthorityHGNC:4830	Mapping file id3046 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHBG1	AuthorityHGNC:4831	Mapping file id3047 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHBG2	AuthorityHGNC:4832	Mapping file id3048 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHDAC1	AuthorityHGNC:4852	Mapping file id3065 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHDAC2	AuthorityHGNC:4853	Mapping file id3066 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHGF	AuthorityHGNC:4893	Mapping file id3082 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHMG20B	AuthorityHGNC:5002	Mapping file id10362 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHRAS	AuthorityHGNC:5173	Mapping file id3265 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHRG	AuthorityHGNC:5181	Mapping file id3273 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneHSPA5	AuthorityHGNC:5238	Mapping file id3309 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA
GeneHSPG2	AuthorityHGNC:5273	Mapping file id3339 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA1	AuthorityHGNC:5417	Mapping file id3439 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA10	AuthorityHGNC:5418	Mapping file id3446 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA13	AuthorityHGNC:5419	Mapping file idENSG00000233816 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA14	AuthorityHGNC:5420	Mapping file id3448 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA16	AuthorityHGNC:5421	Mapping file id3449 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA17	AuthorityHGNC:5422	Mapping file id3451 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA2	AuthorityHGNC:5423	Mapping file id3440 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA21	AuthorityHGNC:5424	Mapping file id3452 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA4	AuthorityHGNC:5425	Mapping file id3441 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA5	AuthorityHGNC:5426	Mapping file id3442 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA6	AuthorityHGNC:5427	Mapping file id3443 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA7	AuthorityHGNC:5428	Mapping file id3444 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNA8	AuthorityHGNC:5429	Mapping file id3445 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIFNB1	AuthorityHGNC:5434	Mapping file id3456 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGF1	AuthorityHGNC:5464	Mapping file id3479 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGF2	AuthorityHGNC:5466	Mapping file id3481 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHA1	AuthorityHGNC:5478	Mapping file idENSG00000211895 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHA2	AuthorityHGNC:5479	Mapping file idENSG00000211890 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHM	AuthorityHGNC:5541	Mapping file idENSG00000211899 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV1-2	AuthorityHGNC:5550	Mapping file idENSG00000211934 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV1-46	AuthorityHGNC:5554	Mapping file idENSG00000211962 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV1-69	AuthorityHGNC:5558	Mapping file idENSG00000211973 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV2-5	AuthorityHGNC:5576	Mapping file idENSG00000211937 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV2-70	AuthorityHGNC:5577	Mapping file idENSG00000274576 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV3-11	AuthorityHGNC:5580	Mapping file idENSG00000211941 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV3-13	AuthorityHGNC:5581	Mapping file idENSG00000211942 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV3-23	AuthorityHGNC:5588	Mapping file idENSG00000211949 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV3-30	AuthorityHGNC:5591	Mapping file idENSG00000270550 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV3-33	AuthorityHGNC:5596	Mapping file idENSG00000211955 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV3-48	AuthorityHGNC:5606	Mapping file idENSG00000211964 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV3-53	AuthorityHGNC:5610	Mapping file idENSG00000211967 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV3-7	AuthorityHGNC:5620	Mapping file idENSG00000211938 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV4-34	AuthorityHGNC:5650	Mapping file idENSG00000211956 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV4-39	AuthorityHGNC:5651	Mapping file idENSG00000211959 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGHV4-59	AuthorityHGNC:5654	Mapping file idENSG00000224373 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV1-12	AuthorityHGNC:5730	Mapping file idENSG00000243290 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV1-16	AuthorityHGNC:5732	Mapping file idENSG00000240864 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV1-17	AuthorityHGNC:5733	Mapping file idENSG00000240382 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV1-33	AuthorityHGNC:5737	Mapping file idENSG00000242076 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV1-39	AuthorityHGNC:5740	Mapping file idENSG00000242371 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV1-5	AuthorityHGNC:5741	Mapping file idENSG00000243466 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV1D-12	AuthorityHGNC:5746	Mapping file idENSG00000278857 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV1D-16	AuthorityHGNC:5748	Mapping file idENSG00000241244 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV1D-33	AuthorityHGNC:5753	Mapping file idENSG00000239975 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV1D-39	AuthorityHGNC:5756	Mapping file idENSG00000251546 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV2-28	AuthorityHGNC:5783	Mapping file idENSG00000244116 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV2-30	AuthorityHGNC:5785	Mapping file idENSG00000243238 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV2D-28	AuthorityHGNC:5799	Mapping file idENSG00000242534 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV2D-30	AuthorityHGNC:5801	Mapping file idENSG00000239571 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV2D-40	AuthorityHGNC:5804	Mapping file idENSG00000251039 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV3-11	AuthorityHGNC:5815	Mapping file idENSG00000241351 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS
GeneIGKV3-15	AuthorityHGNC:5816	Mapping file idENSG00000244437 Ensembl file	EvidenceTAS

Evidence codes on this page: IEA, TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.

Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read 2026-09-09 · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.

03The hierarchy

Parents and children in this release's hierarchy

Parents

None: this is a top-level pathway of the release.

Children

Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.

Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read 2026-09-09 · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.