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Pathway Human Homo sapiens

Sialic acid metabolism

R-HSA-4085001 in Reactome release 97: under Synthesis of substrates in N-glycan biosythesis, with 33 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 0 child pathways in the hierarchy.

The same number in the other species

Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-4085001 (mouse), R-RNO-4085001 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.

01The record

Reactome's own record of this pathway

What this tells you

The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.

Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions. [R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.

On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available. [R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required. [R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.

A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].

  1. [R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
  2. [R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
  3. [R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
  4. [R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
  5. [R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.
Reading this pathway's record from Reactome (the pathway record).Still reading. A first read of a pathway can take a while; this page waits up to 35 seconds for it, and its scripts then bring in the panel, or a line saying what did not arrive.

02The genes

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway

The mapping files place 33 genes in this human pathway; showing 1 to 33, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway, page 1 of 1
GeneCMASAuthorityHGNC:18290Mapping file id55907 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCTSAAuthorityHGNC:9251Mapping file id5476 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGLB1AuthorityHGNC:4298Mapping file id2720 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGNEAuthorityHGNC:23657Mapping file id10020 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNANPAuthorityHGNC:16140Mapping file id140838 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNANSAuthorityHGNC:19237Mapping file id54187 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNEU1AuthorityHGNC:7758Mapping file id4758 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNEU2AuthorityHGNC:7759Mapping file id4759 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNEU3AuthorityHGNC:7760Mapping file id10825 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNEU4AuthorityHGNC:21328Mapping file id129807 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneNPLAuthorityHGNC:16781Mapping file id80896 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneSLC17A5AuthorityHGNC:10933Mapping file id26503 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneSLC35A1AuthorityHGNC:11021Mapping file id10559 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST3GAL1AuthorityHGNC:10862Mapping file id6482 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST3GAL2AuthorityHGNC:10863Mapping file id6483 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST3GAL3AuthorityHGNC:10866Mapping file id6487 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST3GAL4AuthorityHGNC:10864Mapping file id6484 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST3GAL5AuthorityHGNC:10872Mapping file id8869 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST3GAL6AuthorityHGNC:18080Mapping file id10402 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST6GAL1AuthorityHGNC:10860Mapping file id6480 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST6GAL2AuthorityHGNC:10861Mapping file id84620 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST6GALNAC1AuthorityHGNC:23614Mapping file id55808 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST6GALNAC2AuthorityHGNC:10867Mapping file id10610 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST6GALNAC3AuthorityHGNC:19343Mapping file id256435 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST6GALNAC4AuthorityHGNC:17846Mapping file id27090 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST6GALNAC5AuthorityHGNC:19342Mapping file id81849 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST6GALNAC6AuthorityHGNC:23364Mapping file id30815 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST8SIA1AuthorityHGNC:10869Mapping file id6489 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST8SIA2AuthorityHGNC:10870Mapping file id8128 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST8SIA3AuthorityHGNC:14269Mapping file id51046 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST8SIA4AuthorityHGNC:10871Mapping file id7903 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST8SIA5AuthorityHGNC:17827Mapping file id29906 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneST8SIA6AuthorityHGNC:23317Mapping file id338596 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS

Evidence codes on this page: TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.

  • Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.

03The hierarchy

Parents and children in this release's hierarchy

Children

None: no pathway of this release's list names this one as a parent.

Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.

  • Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.