Pathway Human Homo sapiens
Synthesis of substrates in N-glycan biosythesis
R-HSA-446219 in Reactome release 97: under Biosynthesis of the N-glycan precursor (dolichol lipid-linked oligosaccharide, LLO) and transfer to a nascent protein, with 65 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 7 child pathways in the hierarchy.
The same number in the other species
Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-446219 (mouse), R-RNO-446219 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.
01The record
Reactome's own record of this pathway
What this tells you
The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.
Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions.
[R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.
On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available.
[R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required.
[R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.
A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].
- [R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
- [R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
- [R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
- [R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
- [R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.
02The genes
Genes Reactome places in this human pathway
The mapping files place 65 genes in this human pathway; showing 1 to 65, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.
| Gene | Authority id | Mapping file id | Evidence codes |
|---|---|---|---|
| GeneALG5 | AuthorityHGNC:20266 | Mapping file id29880 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAMDHD2 | AuthorityHGNC:24262 | Mapping file id51005 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneCMAS | AuthorityHGNC:18290 | Mapping file id55907 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneCTSA | AuthorityHGNC:9251 | Mapping file id5476 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneDHDDS | AuthorityHGNC:20603 | Mapping file id79947 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneDHRSX | AuthorityHGNC:18399 | Mapping file id207063 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneDOLK | AuthorityHGNC:23406 | Mapping file id22845 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneDOLPP1 | AuthorityHGNC:29565 | Mapping file id57171 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneDPM1 | AuthorityHGNC:3005 | Mapping file id8813 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneDPM2 | AuthorityHGNC:3006 | Mapping file id8818 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneDPM3 | AuthorityHGNC:3007 | Mapping file id54344 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneFCSK | AuthorityHGNC:29500 | Mapping file id197258 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneFPGT | AuthorityHGNC:3825 | Mapping file id8790 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneFUOM | AuthorityHGNC:24733 | Mapping file id282969 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneGFPT1 | AuthorityHGNC:4241 | Mapping file id2673 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneGFPT2 | AuthorityHGNC:4242 | Mapping file id9945 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneGFUS | AuthorityHGNC:12390 | Mapping file id7264 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneGLB1 | AuthorityHGNC:4298 | Mapping file id2720 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneGMDS | AuthorityHGNC:4369 | Mapping file id2762 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneGMPPA | AuthorityHGNC:22923 | Mapping file id29926 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneGMPPB | AuthorityHGNC:22932 | Mapping file id29925 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneGNE | AuthorityHGNC:23657 | Mapping file id10020 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneGNPNAT1 | AuthorityHGNC:19980 | Mapping file id64841 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneHK1 | AuthorityHGNC:4922 | Mapping file id3098 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneMPI | AuthorityHGNC:7216 | Mapping file id4351 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneMVD | AuthorityHGNC:7529 | Mapping file id4597 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneNAGK | AuthorityHGNC:17174 | Mapping file id55577 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneNANP | AuthorityHGNC:16140 | Mapping file id140838 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneNANS | AuthorityHGNC:19237 | Mapping file id54187 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneNEU1 | AuthorityHGNC:7758 | Mapping file id4758 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneNEU2 | AuthorityHGNC:7759 | Mapping file id4759 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneNEU3 | AuthorityHGNC:7760 | Mapping file id10825 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneNEU4 | AuthorityHGNC:21328 | Mapping file id129807 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneNPL | AuthorityHGNC:16781 | Mapping file id80896 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneNUDT14 | AuthorityHGNC:20141 | Mapping file id256281 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneNUS1 | AuthorityHGNC:21042 | Mapping file id116150 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GenePGM3 | AuthorityHGNC:8907 | Mapping file id5238 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GenePMM1 | AuthorityHGNC:9114 | Mapping file id5372 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GenePMM2 | AuthorityHGNC:9115 | Mapping file id5373 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneRENBP | AuthorityHGNC:9959 | Mapping file id5973 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneSLC17A5 | AuthorityHGNC:10933 | Mapping file id26503 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneSLC35A1 | AuthorityHGNC:11021 | Mapping file id10559 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneSLC35C1 | AuthorityHGNC:20197 | Mapping file id55343 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneSRD5A3 | AuthorityHGNC:25812 | Mapping file id79644 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST3GAL1 | AuthorityHGNC:10862 | Mapping file id6482 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST3GAL2 | AuthorityHGNC:10863 | Mapping file id6483 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST3GAL3 | AuthorityHGNC:10866 | Mapping file id6487 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST3GAL4 | AuthorityHGNC:10864 | Mapping file id6484 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST3GAL5 | AuthorityHGNC:10872 | Mapping file id8869 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST3GAL6 | AuthorityHGNC:18080 | Mapping file id10402 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST6GAL1 | AuthorityHGNC:10860 | Mapping file id6480 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST6GAL2 | AuthorityHGNC:10861 | Mapping file id84620 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST6GALNAC1 | AuthorityHGNC:23614 | Mapping file id55808 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST6GALNAC2 | AuthorityHGNC:10867 | Mapping file id10610 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST6GALNAC3 | AuthorityHGNC:19343 | Mapping file id256435 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST6GALNAC4 | AuthorityHGNC:17846 | Mapping file id27090 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST6GALNAC5 | AuthorityHGNC:19342 | Mapping file id81849 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST6GALNAC6 | AuthorityHGNC:23364 | Mapping file id30815 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST8SIA1 | AuthorityHGNC:10869 | Mapping file id6489 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST8SIA2 | AuthorityHGNC:10870 | Mapping file id8128 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST8SIA3 | AuthorityHGNC:14269 | Mapping file id51046 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST8SIA4 | AuthorityHGNC:10871 | Mapping file id7903 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST8SIA5 | AuthorityHGNC:17827 | Mapping file id29906 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneST8SIA6 | AuthorityHGNC:23317 | Mapping file id338596 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUAP1 | AuthorityHGNC:12457 | Mapping file id6675 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
Evidence codes on this page: TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.
- Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.
03The hierarchy
Parents and children in this release's hierarchy
Children
- GDP-fucose biosynthesisR-HSA-67876396 genes
- Sialic acid metabolismR-HSA-408500133 genes
- Synthesis of dolichyl-phosphateR-HSA-4461997 genes
- Synthesis of dolichyl-phosphate mannoseR-HSA-1626993 genes
- Synthesis of dolichyl-phosphate-glucoseR-HSA-4809852 genes
- Synthesis of GDP-mannoseR-HSA-4462056 genes
- Synthesis of UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamineR-HSA-4462108 genes
Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.
- Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.