Pathway Human Homo sapiens

Regulation of IFNA/IFNB signaling

R-HSA-912694 in Reactome release 97: under Interferon alpha/beta signaling, with 25 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 0 child pathways in the hierarchy.

The same number in the other species

Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-912694 (mouse), R-RNO-912694 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.

The record
The genes
Parents and children

Scripts are off

This page reads the pathway's record from its source while you read the rest; with scripts off the card stays at its loading line. Reload with scripts on to see it, or open the source's own page from the link in the card.

01The record

Reactome's own record of this pathway

What this tells you

The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.

Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions. [R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.

On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available. [R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required. [R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.

A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].

[R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
[R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
[R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
[R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
[R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.

Stable id: R-HSA-912694.3
Class: Pathway
Species: Homo sapiens (human)
Inferred: no: a curated human pathway
Disease pathway: no
Released: 2010-12-14
Events inside: 5, counted from the record

There are several proteins and mechanisms involved in controlling the extent of ligand stimulation of IFNA/B signaling. These mechanisms can effect every step of the IFNA/B cascade. Dephosphorylation of JAK and STAT by SHP protein phosphatases, inhibition of STAT function in the nucleus by protein inhibitors of activated STATs (PIAS) proteins, inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity of JAKs by SOCS as well as inhibition of JAK and IFNAR2 interaction by UBP43 are few of the negative regulation mechanisms in controling type I IFN signaling.

Literature Reactome attaches

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 regulates the immune response to infection by a unique inhibition of type I interferon activityNat Immunol, 2006, vol. 7, p. 33-9PubMed 16311601
UBP43 is a novel regulator of interferon signaling independent of its ISG15 isopeptidase activityEMBO J, 2006, vol. 25, p. 2358-67PubMed 16710296
Negative regulators of cytokine signal transductionCell Mol Life Sci, 1999, vol. 55, p. 1568-77PubMed 10526574

Reactome's record lists 8 orthologous events, R-RNO-912694 (Rattus norvegicus), R-MMU-912694 (Mus musculus) among the species this site serves, and 6 in species this site opens no page for.

Reactome ContentService, this pathway's record · Reactome v97 · read 2026-10-01 ET · Reactome pathway browser"Regulation of IFNA/IFNB signaling". Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#/R-HSA-912694 with StableID: R-HSA-912694.3 (accessed 2026-10-01 ET). Reactome version 97 (CC0).

Reading this pathway's record from Reactome (the pathway record).Still reading. A first read of a pathway can take a while; this page waits up to 35 seconds for it, and its scripts then bring in the panel, or a line saying what did not arrive.

02The genes

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway

The mapping files place 25 genes in this human pathway; showing 1 to 25, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway, page 1 of 1
Gene	Authority id	Mapping file id	Evidence codes
GeneIFNA1	AuthorityHGNC:5417	Mapping file id3439 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNA10	AuthorityHGNC:5418	Mapping file id3446 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNA14	AuthorityHGNC:5420	Mapping file id3448 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNA16	AuthorityHGNC:5421	Mapping file id3449 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNA17	AuthorityHGNC:5422	Mapping file id3451 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNA2	AuthorityHGNC:5423	Mapping file id3440 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNA21	AuthorityHGNC:5424	Mapping file id3452 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNA4	AuthorityHGNC:5425	Mapping file id3441 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNA5	AuthorityHGNC:5426	Mapping file id3442 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNA6	AuthorityHGNC:5427	Mapping file id3443 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNA7	AuthorityHGNC:5428	Mapping file id3444 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNA8	AuthorityHGNC:5429	Mapping file id3445 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNAR1	AuthorityHGNC:5432	Mapping file id3454 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNAR2	AuthorityHGNC:5433	Mapping file id3455 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIFNB1	AuthorityHGNC:5434	Mapping file id3456 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneJAK1	AuthorityHGNC:6190	Mapping file id3716 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GenePTPN1	AuthorityHGNC:9642	Mapping file id5770 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GenePTPN11	AuthorityHGNC:9644	Mapping file id5781 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GenePTPN6	AuthorityHGNC:9658	Mapping file id5777 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneSOCS1	AuthorityHGNC:19383	Mapping file id8651 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA
GeneSOCS3	AuthorityHGNC:19391	Mapping file id9021 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA
GeneSTAT1	AuthorityHGNC:11362	Mapping file id6772 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS
GeneSTAT2	AuthorityHGNC:11363	Mapping file id6773 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneTYK2	AuthorityHGNC:12440	Mapping file id7297 NCBI file	EvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneUSP18	AuthorityHGNC:12616	Mapping file id11274 NCBI file	EvidenceTAS

Evidence codes on this page: IEA, TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.

Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read 2026-09-09 · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.

03The hierarchy

Parents and children in this release's hierarchy

Parents

Interferon alpha/beta signalingR-HSA-90973378 genes

Children

None: no pathway of this release's list names this one as a parent.

Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.

Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read 2026-09-09 · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.