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Pathway Human Homo sapiens

Signaling by Interleukins

R-HSA-449147 in Reactome release 97: under Cytokine Signaling in Immune system, with 465 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 11 child pathways in the hierarchy.

The same number in the other species

Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-449147 (mouse), R-RNO-449147 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.

01The record

Reactome's own record of this pathway

What this tells you

The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.

Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions. [R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.

On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available. [R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required. [R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.

A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].

  1. [R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
  2. [R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
  3. [R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
  4. [R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
  5. [R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.
Reading this pathway's record from Reactome (the pathway record).Still reading. A first read of a pathway can take a while; this page waits up to 35 seconds for it, and its scripts then bring in the panel, or a line saying what did not arrive.

02The genes

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway

The mapping files place 465 genes in this human pathway; showing 1 to 100, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway, page 1 of 5
GeneADRM1AuthorityHGNC:15759Mapping file id11047 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAGERAuthorityHGNC:320Mapping file id177 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAIPAuthorityHGNC:358Mapping file id9049 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAKT1AuthorityHGNC:391Mapping file id207 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneALOX15AuthorityHGNC:433Mapping file id246 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneALOX5AuthorityHGNC:435Mapping file id240 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneALPK1AuthorityHGNC:20917Mapping file id80216 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneANXA1AuthorityHGNC:533Mapping file id301 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneANXA2AuthorityHGNC:537Mapping file id302 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAPPAuthorityHGNC:620Mapping file id351 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneARF1AuthorityHGNC:652Mapping file id375 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATF1AuthorityHGNC:783Mapping file id466 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATF2AuthorityHGNC:784Mapping file id1386 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBATFAuthorityHGNC:958Mapping file id10538 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBCL2AuthorityHGNC:990Mapping file id596 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBCL2L1AuthorityHGNC:992Mapping file id598 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBCL6AuthorityHGNC:1001Mapping file id604 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBIRC5AuthorityHGNC:593Mapping file id332 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBLNKAuthorityHGNC:14211Mapping file id29760 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA
GeneBOLA2AuthorityHGNC:29488Mapping file id552900 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBOLA2BAuthorityHGNC:32479Mapping file id654483 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneBRWD1AuthorityHGNC:12760Mapping file id54014 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneBTRCAuthorityHGNC:1144Mapping file id8945 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCA1AuthorityHGNC:1368Mapping file id759 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCANXAuthorityHGNC:1473Mapping file id821 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCAPZA1AuthorityHGNC:1488Mapping file id829 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCASP1AuthorityHGNC:1499Mapping file id834 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCASP3AuthorityHGNC:1504Mapping file id836 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCASP8AuthorityHGNC:1509Mapping file id841 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCBLAuthorityHGNC:1541Mapping file id867 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneCCL11AuthorityHGNC:10610Mapping file id6356 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCL19AuthorityHGNC:10617Mapping file id6363 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCL2AuthorityHGNC:10618Mapping file id6347 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCL20AuthorityHGNC:10619Mapping file id6364 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCL22AuthorityHGNC:10621Mapping file id6367 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCL3AuthorityHGNC:10627Mapping file id6348 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCL3L1AuthorityHGNC:10628Mapping file id6349 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCL3L3AuthorityHGNC:30554Mapping file id414062 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCL4AuthorityHGNC:10630Mapping file id6351 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCL4L1AuthorityHGNC:10631Mapping file id388372 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCL5AuthorityHGNC:10632Mapping file id6352 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCND1AuthorityHGNC:1582Mapping file id595 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCR1AuthorityHGNC:1602Mapping file id1230 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCR2AuthorityHGNC:1603Mapping file id729230 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCCR5AuthorityHGNC:1606Mapping file id1234 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCD36AuthorityHGNC:1663Mapping file id948 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCD4AuthorityHGNC:1678Mapping file id920 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCD80AuthorityHGNC:1700Mapping file id941 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCD86AuthorityHGNC:1705Mapping file id942 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCDC42AuthorityHGNC:1736Mapping file id998 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCDKN1AAuthorityHGNC:1784Mapping file id1026 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCEBPDAuthorityHGNC:1835Mapping file id1052 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCFL1AuthorityHGNC:1874Mapping file id1072 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCHUKAuthorityHGNC:1974Mapping file id1147 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCISHAuthorityHGNC:1984Mapping file id1154 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCLCF1AuthorityHGNC:17412Mapping file id23529 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCNN2AuthorityHGNC:2156Mapping file id1265 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCNTFAuthorityHGNC:2169Mapping file id1270 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCNTFRAuthorityHGNC:2170Mapping file id1271 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCOL1A2AuthorityHGNC:2198Mapping file id1278 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCREB1AuthorityHGNC:2345Mapping file id1385 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCRKAuthorityHGNC:2362Mapping file id1398 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCRKLAuthorityHGNC:2363Mapping file id1399 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCRLF1AuthorityHGNC:2364Mapping file id9244 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCRLF2AuthorityHGNC:14281Mapping file id64109 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneCSF1AuthorityHGNC:2432Mapping file id1435 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCSF1RAuthorityHGNC:2433Mapping file id1436 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCSF2AuthorityHGNC:2434Mapping file id1437 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCSF2RAAuthorityHGNC:2435Mapping file id1438 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCSF2RBAuthorityHGNC:2436Mapping file id1439 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneCSF3AuthorityHGNC:2438Mapping file id1440 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCSF3RAuthorityHGNC:2439Mapping file id1441 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCTF1AuthorityHGNC:2499Mapping file id1489 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCTSGAuthorityHGNC:2532Mapping file id1511 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCUL1AuthorityHGNC:2551Mapping file id8454 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCXCL1AuthorityHGNC:4602Mapping file id2919 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCXCL10AuthorityHGNC:10637Mapping file id3627 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCXCL2AuthorityHGNC:4603Mapping file id2920 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneCXCL8AuthorityHGNC:6025Mapping file id3576 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneDUSP3AuthorityHGNC:3069Mapping file id1845 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneDUSP4AuthorityHGNC:3070Mapping file id1846 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneDUSP6AuthorityHGNC:3072Mapping file id1848 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneDUSP7AuthorityHGNC:3073Mapping file id1849 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneEBI3AuthorityHGNC:3129Mapping file id10148 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneELK1AuthorityHGNC:3321Mapping file id2002 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA
GeneF13A1AuthorityHGNC:3531Mapping file id2162 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFASLGAuthorityHGNC:11936Mapping file id356 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFBXW11AuthorityHGNC:13607Mapping file id23291 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFCER2AuthorityHGNC:3612Mapping file id2208 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFGF2AuthorityHGNC:3676Mapping file id2247 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFN1AuthorityHGNC:3778Mapping file id2335 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFOSAuthorityHGNC:3796Mapping file id2353 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFOXO1AuthorityHGNC:3819Mapping file id2308 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFOXO3AuthorityHGNC:3821Mapping file id2309 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFPR1AuthorityHGNC:3826Mapping file id2357 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFSCN1AuthorityHGNC:11148Mapping file id6624 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneFYNAuthorityHGNC:4037Mapping file id2534 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneGAB2AuthorityHGNC:14458Mapping file id9846 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneGATA3AuthorityHGNC:4172Mapping file id2625 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGRB2AuthorityHGNC:4566Mapping file id2885 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS

Evidence codes on this page: IEA, TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.

  • Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.

03The hierarchy

Parents and children in this release's hierarchy

Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.

  • Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.