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Pathway Human Homo sapiens

Signaling by Interleukins

R-HSA-449147 in Reactome release 97: under Cytokine Signaling in Immune system, with 465 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 11 child pathways in the hierarchy.

The same number in the other species

Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-449147 (mouse), R-RNO-449147 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.

01The record

Reactome's own record of this pathway

What this tells you

The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.

Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions. [R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.

On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available. [R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required. [R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.

A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].

  1. [R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
  2. [R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
  3. [R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
  4. [R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
  5. [R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.
Reading this pathway's record from Reactome (the pathway record).Still reading. A first read of a pathway can take a while; this page waits up to 35 seconds for it, and its scripts then bring in the panel, or a line saying what did not arrive.

02The genes

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway

The mapping files place 465 genes in this human pathway; showing 101 to 200, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway, page 2 of 5
GeneGSDMDAuthorityHGNC:25697Mapping file id79792 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGSTA2AuthorityHGNC:4627Mapping file id2939 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneGSTO1AuthorityHGNC:13312Mapping file id9446 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneH3C1AuthorityHGNC:4766Mapping file id8350 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C10AuthorityHGNC:4775Mapping file id8357 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C11AuthorityHGNC:4771Mapping file id8354 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C12AuthorityHGNC:4774Mapping file id8356 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C13AuthorityHGNC:25311Mapping file id653604 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C14AuthorityHGNC:20503Mapping file id126961 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C15AuthorityHGNC:20505Mapping file id333932 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C2AuthorityHGNC:4776Mapping file id8358 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C3AuthorityHGNC:4768Mapping file id8352 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C4AuthorityHGNC:4767Mapping file id8351 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C6AuthorityHGNC:4769Mapping file id8353 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C7AuthorityHGNC:4773Mapping file id8968 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneH3C8AuthorityHGNC:4772Mapping file id8355 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneHAVCR2AuthorityHGNC:18437Mapping file id84868 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA
GeneHCKAuthorityHGNC:4840Mapping file id3055 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneHGFAuthorityHGNC:4893Mapping file id3082 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneHIF1AAuthorityHGNC:4910Mapping file id3091 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneHMGB1AuthorityHGNC:4983Mapping file id3146 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneHMOX1AuthorityHGNC:5013Mapping file id3162 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneHNRNPA2B1AuthorityHGNC:5033Mapping file id3181 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneHNRNPDLAuthorityHGNC:5037Mapping file id9987 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneHNRNPFAuthorityHGNC:5039Mapping file id3185 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneHSP90AA1AuthorityHGNC:5253Mapping file id3320 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneHSP90B1AuthorityHGNC:12028Mapping file id7184 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneHSPA8AuthorityHGNC:5241Mapping file id3312 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneHSPA9AuthorityHGNC:5244Mapping file id3313 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneICAM1AuthorityHGNC:5344Mapping file id3383 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIFNGAuthorityHGNC:5438Mapping file id3458 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIFNL1AuthorityHGNC:18363Mapping file id282618 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIFNL2AuthorityHGNC:18364Mapping file id282616 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIFNL3AuthorityHGNC:18365Mapping file id282617 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIFNLR1AuthorityHGNC:18584Mapping file id163702 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIGHEAuthorityHGNC:5522Mapping file idENSG00000211891 Ensembl fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIGHG1AuthorityHGNC:5525Mapping file idENSG00000211896 Ensembl fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIGHG4AuthorityHGNC:5528Mapping file idENSG00000211892 Ensembl fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIKBIPAuthorityHGNC:26430Mapping file id121457 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIKBKBAuthorityHGNC:5960Mapping file id3551 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIKBKGAuthorityHGNC:5961Mapping file id8517 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL10AuthorityHGNC:5962Mapping file id3586 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL10RAAuthorityHGNC:5964Mapping file id3587 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL10RBAuthorityHGNC:5965Mapping file id3588 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL11AuthorityHGNC:5966Mapping file id3589 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL11RAAuthorityHGNC:5967Mapping file id3590 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL12AAuthorityHGNC:5969Mapping file id3592 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL12BAuthorityHGNC:5970Mapping file id3593 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL12RB1AuthorityHGNC:5971Mapping file id3594 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL12RB2AuthorityHGNC:5972Mapping file id3595 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL13AuthorityHGNC:5973Mapping file id3596 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL13RA1AuthorityHGNC:5974Mapping file id3597 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL13RA2AuthorityHGNC:5975Mapping file id3598 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL15AuthorityHGNC:5977Mapping file id3600 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL15RAAuthorityHGNC:5978Mapping file id3601 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL16AuthorityHGNC:5980Mapping file id3603 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL17AAuthorityHGNC:5981Mapping file id3605 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL17CAuthorityHGNC:5983Mapping file id27189 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL17FAuthorityHGNC:16404Mapping file id112744 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL17RAAuthorityHGNC:5985Mapping file id23765 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL17RBAuthorityHGNC:18015Mapping file id55540 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL17RCAuthorityHGNC:18358Mapping file id84818 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL17REAuthorityHGNC:18439Mapping file id132014 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL18AuthorityHGNC:5986Mapping file id3606 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL18BPAuthorityHGNC:5987Mapping file id10068 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL18R1AuthorityHGNC:5988Mapping file id8809 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL18RAPAuthorityHGNC:5989Mapping file id8807 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL19AuthorityHGNC:5990Mapping file id29949 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL1AAuthorityHGNC:5991Mapping file id3552 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL1BAuthorityHGNC:5992Mapping file id3553 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL1F10AuthorityHGNC:15552Mapping file id84639 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL1R1AuthorityHGNC:5993Mapping file id3554 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL1R2AuthorityHGNC:5994Mapping file id7850 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL1RAPAuthorityHGNC:5995Mapping file id3556 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL1RAPL1AuthorityHGNC:5996Mapping file id11141 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL1RNAuthorityHGNC:6000Mapping file id3557 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL2AuthorityHGNC:6001Mapping file id3558 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL20AuthorityHGNC:6002Mapping file id50604 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL20RAAuthorityHGNC:6003Mapping file id53832 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL20RBAuthorityHGNC:6004Mapping file id53833 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL21AuthorityHGNC:6005Mapping file id59067 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL21RAuthorityHGNC:6006Mapping file id50615 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL22AuthorityHGNC:14900Mapping file id50616 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL22RA1AuthorityHGNC:13700Mapping file id58985 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL22RA2AuthorityHGNC:14901Mapping file id116379 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL23AAuthorityHGNC:15488Mapping file id51561 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL23RAuthorityHGNC:19100Mapping file id149233 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL24AuthorityHGNC:11346Mapping file id11009 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL25AuthorityHGNC:13765Mapping file id64806 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL26AuthorityHGNC:17119Mapping file id55801 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL27AuthorityHGNC:19157Mapping file id246778 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL27RAAuthorityHGNC:17290Mapping file id9466 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL2RAAuthorityHGNC:6008Mapping file id3559 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL2RBAuthorityHGNC:6009Mapping file id3560 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL2RGAuthorityHGNC:6010Mapping file id3561 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneIL3AuthorityHGNC:6011Mapping file id3562 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL31AuthorityHGNC:19372Mapping file id386653 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL31RAAuthorityHGNC:18969Mapping file id133396 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL32AuthorityHGNC:16830Mapping file id9235 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneIL33AuthorityHGNC:16028Mapping file id90865 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS

Evidence codes on this page: IEA, TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.

  • Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.

03The hierarchy

Parents and children in this release's hierarchy

Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.

  • Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.