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Pathway Human Homo sapiens

Innate Immune System

R-HSA-168249 in Reactome release 97: under Immune System, with 1,207 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 16 child pathways in the hierarchy.

The same number in the other species

Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-168249 (mouse), R-RNO-168249 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.

01The record

Reactome's own record of this pathway

What this tells you

The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.

Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions. [R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.

On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available. [R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required. [R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.

A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].

  1. [R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
  2. [R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
  3. [R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
  4. [R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
  5. [R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.
Reading this pathway's record from Reactome (the pathway record).Still reading. A first read of a pathway can take a while; this page waits up to 35 seconds for it, and its scripts then bring in the panel, or a line saying what did not arrive.

02The genes

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway

The mapping files place 1,207 genes in this human pathway; showing 1 to 100, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.

Genes Reactome places in this human pathway, page 1 of 13
GeneA1BGAuthorityHGNC:5Mapping file id1 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneA2MAuthorityHGNC:7Mapping file id2 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAAMPAuthorityHGNC:18Mapping file id14 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneABCA13AuthorityHGNC:14638Mapping file id154664 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneABI1AuthorityHGNC:11320Mapping file id10006 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneABI2AuthorityHGNC:24011Mapping file id10152 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneABL1AuthorityHGNC:76Mapping file id25 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneACAA1AuthorityHGNC:82Mapping file id30 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneACLYAuthorityHGNC:115Mapping file id47 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneACP3AuthorityHGNC:125Mapping file id55 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneACTBAuthorityHGNC:132Mapping file id60 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneACTG1AuthorityHGNC:144Mapping file id71 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneACTR10AuthorityHGNC:17372Mapping file id55860 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneACTR1BAuthorityHGNC:168Mapping file id10120 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneACTR2AuthorityHGNC:169Mapping file id10097 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneACTR3AuthorityHGNC:170Mapping file id10096 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneADA2AuthorityHGNC:1839Mapping file id51816 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneADAM10AuthorityHGNC:188Mapping file id102 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneADAM8AuthorityHGNC:215Mapping file id101 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneADGRE3AuthorityHGNC:23647Mapping file id84658 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneADGRE5AuthorityHGNC:1711Mapping file id976 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneADGRG3AuthorityHGNC:13728Mapping file id222487 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneADRM1AuthorityHGNC:15759Mapping file id11047 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAGAAuthorityHGNC:318Mapping file id175 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAGERAuthorityHGNC:320Mapping file id177 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneAGLAuthorityHGNC:321Mapping file id178 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAGPAT2AuthorityHGNC:325Mapping file id10555 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAHCYL1AuthorityHGNC:344Mapping file id10768 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA
GeneAHSGAuthorityHGNC:349Mapping file id197 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAIM2AuthorityHGNC:357Mapping file id9447 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneALADAuthorityHGNC:395Mapping file id210 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneALDH3B1AuthorityHGNC:410Mapping file id221 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneALDOAAuthorityHGNC:414Mapping file id226 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneALDOCAuthorityHGNC:418Mapping file id230 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneALOX5AuthorityHGNC:435Mapping file id240 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneALPK1AuthorityHGNC:20917Mapping file id80216 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAMPD3AuthorityHGNC:470Mapping file id272 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneANO6AuthorityHGNC:25240Mapping file id196527 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneANPEPAuthorityHGNC:500Mapping file id290 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneANXA2AuthorityHGNC:537Mapping file id302 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAOC1AuthorityHGNC:80Mapping file id26 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAP1M1AuthorityHGNC:13667Mapping file id8907 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAP2A2AuthorityHGNC:562Mapping file id161 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAPAF1AuthorityHGNC:576Mapping file id317 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAPEHAuthorityHGNC:586Mapping file id327 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAPOBAuthorityHGNC:603Mapping file id338 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAPPAuthorityHGNC:620Mapping file id351 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneAPRTAuthorityHGNC:626Mapping file id353 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneARG1AuthorityHGNC:663Mapping file id383 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneARHGAP45AuthorityHGNC:17102Mapping file id23526 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneARHGAP9AuthorityHGNC:14130Mapping file id64333 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneARL8AAuthorityHGNC:25192Mapping file id127829 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneARMC8AuthorityHGNC:24999Mapping file id25852 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneARPC1AAuthorityHGNC:703Mapping file id10552 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneARPC1BAuthorityHGNC:704Mapping file id10095 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneARPC2AuthorityHGNC:705Mapping file id10109 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneARPC3AuthorityHGNC:706Mapping file id10094 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneARPC4AuthorityHGNC:707Mapping file id10093 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneARPC5AuthorityHGNC:708Mapping file id10092 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS
GeneARSAAuthorityHGNC:713Mapping file id410 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneARSBAuthorityHGNC:714Mapping file id411 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneART1AuthorityHGNC:723Mapping file id417 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneASAH1AuthorityHGNC:735Mapping file id427 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATAD3BAuthorityHGNC:24007Mapping file id83858 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATF1AuthorityHGNC:783Mapping file id466 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATF2AuthorityHGNC:784Mapping file id1386 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATG12AuthorityHGNC:588Mapping file id9140 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA
GeneATG5AuthorityHGNC:589Mapping file id9474 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA
GeneATG7AuthorityHGNC:16935Mapping file id10533 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATOX1AuthorityHGNC:798Mapping file id475 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP11AAuthorityHGNC:13552Mapping file id23250 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP11BAuthorityHGNC:13553Mapping file id23200 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6AP2AuthorityHGNC:18305Mapping file id10159 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V0A1AuthorityHGNC:865Mapping file id535 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V0A2AuthorityHGNC:18481Mapping file id23545 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V0A4AuthorityHGNC:866Mapping file id50617 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V0BAuthorityHGNC:861Mapping file id533 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V0CAuthorityHGNC:855Mapping file id527 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V0D1AuthorityHGNC:13724Mapping file id9114 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V0D2AuthorityHGNC:18266Mapping file id245972 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V0E1AuthorityHGNC:863Mapping file id8992 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V0E2AuthorityHGNC:21723Mapping file id155066 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1AAuthorityHGNC:851Mapping file id523 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1B1AuthorityHGNC:853Mapping file id525 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1B2AuthorityHGNC:854Mapping file id526 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1C1AuthorityHGNC:856Mapping file id528 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1C2AuthorityHGNC:18264Mapping file id245973 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1DAuthorityHGNC:13527Mapping file id51382 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1E1AuthorityHGNC:857Mapping file id529 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1E2AuthorityHGNC:18125Mapping file id90423 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1FAuthorityHGNC:16832Mapping file id9296 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1G1AuthorityHGNC:864Mapping file id9550 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1G2AuthorityHGNC:862Mapping file id534 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1G3AuthorityHGNC:18265Mapping file id127124 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP6V1HAuthorityHGNC:18303Mapping file id51606 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP7AAuthorityHGNC:869Mapping file id538 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP8A1AuthorityHGNC:13531Mapping file id10396 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneATP8B4AuthorityHGNC:13536Mapping file id79895 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneAZU1AuthorityHGNC:913Mapping file id566 NCBI fileEvidenceTAS
GeneB2MAuthorityHGNC:914Mapping file id567 NCBI fileEvidenceIEA, TAS

Evidence codes on this page: IEA, TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.

  • Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.

03The hierarchy

Parents and children in this release's hierarchy

Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.

  • Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.