Pathway Human Homo sapiens
Innate Immune System
R-HSA-168249 in Reactome release 97: under Immune System, with 1,207 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 16 child pathways in the hierarchy.
The same number in the other species
Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-168249 (mouse), R-RNO-168249 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.
01The record
Reactome's own record of this pathway
What this tells you
The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.
Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions.
[R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.
On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available.
[R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required.
[R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.
A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].
- [R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
- [R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
- [R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
- [R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
- [R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.
02The genes
Genes Reactome places in this human pathway
The mapping files place 1,207 genes in this human pathway; showing 1 to 100, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking.
| Gene | Authority id | Mapping file id | Evidence codes |
|---|---|---|---|
| GeneA1BG | AuthorityHGNC:5 | Mapping file id1 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneA2M | AuthorityHGNC:7 | Mapping file id2 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAAMP | AuthorityHGNC:18 | Mapping file id14 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneABCA13 | AuthorityHGNC:14638 | Mapping file id154664 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneABI1 | AuthorityHGNC:11320 | Mapping file id10006 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneABI2 | AuthorityHGNC:24011 | Mapping file id10152 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneABL1 | AuthorityHGNC:76 | Mapping file id25 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneACAA1 | AuthorityHGNC:82 | Mapping file id30 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneACLY | AuthorityHGNC:115 | Mapping file id47 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneACP3 | AuthorityHGNC:125 | Mapping file id55 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneACTB | AuthorityHGNC:132 | Mapping file id60 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneACTG1 | AuthorityHGNC:144 | Mapping file id71 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneACTR10 | AuthorityHGNC:17372 | Mapping file id55860 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneACTR1B | AuthorityHGNC:168 | Mapping file id10120 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneACTR2 | AuthorityHGNC:169 | Mapping file id10097 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneACTR3 | AuthorityHGNC:170 | Mapping file id10096 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneADA2 | AuthorityHGNC:1839 | Mapping file id51816 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneADAM10 | AuthorityHGNC:188 | Mapping file id102 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneADAM8 | AuthorityHGNC:215 | Mapping file id101 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneADGRE3 | AuthorityHGNC:23647 | Mapping file id84658 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneADGRE5 | AuthorityHGNC:1711 | Mapping file id976 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneADGRG3 | AuthorityHGNC:13728 | Mapping file id222487 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneADRM1 | AuthorityHGNC:15759 | Mapping file id11047 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAGA | AuthorityHGNC:318 | Mapping file id175 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAGER | AuthorityHGNC:320 | Mapping file id177 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneAGL | AuthorityHGNC:321 | Mapping file id178 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAGPAT2 | AuthorityHGNC:325 | Mapping file id10555 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAHCYL1 | AuthorityHGNC:344 | Mapping file id10768 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA |
| GeneAHSG | AuthorityHGNC:349 | Mapping file id197 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAIM2 | AuthorityHGNC:357 | Mapping file id9447 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneALAD | AuthorityHGNC:395 | Mapping file id210 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneALDH3B1 | AuthorityHGNC:410 | Mapping file id221 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneALDOA | AuthorityHGNC:414 | Mapping file id226 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneALDOC | AuthorityHGNC:418 | Mapping file id230 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneALOX5 | AuthorityHGNC:435 | Mapping file id240 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneALPK1 | AuthorityHGNC:20917 | Mapping file id80216 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAMPD3 | AuthorityHGNC:470 | Mapping file id272 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneANO6 | AuthorityHGNC:25240 | Mapping file id196527 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneANPEP | AuthorityHGNC:500 | Mapping file id290 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneANXA2 | AuthorityHGNC:537 | Mapping file id302 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAOC1 | AuthorityHGNC:80 | Mapping file id26 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAP1M1 | AuthorityHGNC:13667 | Mapping file id8907 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAP2A2 | AuthorityHGNC:562 | Mapping file id161 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAPAF1 | AuthorityHGNC:576 | Mapping file id317 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAPEH | AuthorityHGNC:586 | Mapping file id327 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAPOB | AuthorityHGNC:603 | Mapping file id338 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAPP | AuthorityHGNC:620 | Mapping file id351 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneAPRT | AuthorityHGNC:626 | Mapping file id353 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneARG1 | AuthorityHGNC:663 | Mapping file id383 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneARHGAP45 | AuthorityHGNC:17102 | Mapping file id23526 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneARHGAP9 | AuthorityHGNC:14130 | Mapping file id64333 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneARL8A | AuthorityHGNC:25192 | Mapping file id127829 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneARMC8 | AuthorityHGNC:24999 | Mapping file id25852 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneARPC1A | AuthorityHGNC:703 | Mapping file id10552 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneARPC1B | AuthorityHGNC:704 | Mapping file id10095 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneARPC2 | AuthorityHGNC:705 | Mapping file id10109 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneARPC3 | AuthorityHGNC:706 | Mapping file id10094 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneARPC4 | AuthorityHGNC:707 | Mapping file id10093 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneARPC5 | AuthorityHGNC:708 | Mapping file id10092 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneARSA | AuthorityHGNC:713 | Mapping file id410 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneARSB | AuthorityHGNC:714 | Mapping file id411 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneART1 | AuthorityHGNC:723 | Mapping file id417 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneASAH1 | AuthorityHGNC:735 | Mapping file id427 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATAD3B | AuthorityHGNC:24007 | Mapping file id83858 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATF1 | AuthorityHGNC:783 | Mapping file id466 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATF2 | AuthorityHGNC:784 | Mapping file id1386 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATG12 | AuthorityHGNC:588 | Mapping file id9140 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA |
| GeneATG5 | AuthorityHGNC:589 | Mapping file id9474 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA |
| GeneATG7 | AuthorityHGNC:16935 | Mapping file id10533 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATOX1 | AuthorityHGNC:798 | Mapping file id475 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP11A | AuthorityHGNC:13552 | Mapping file id23250 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP11B | AuthorityHGNC:13553 | Mapping file id23200 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6AP2 | AuthorityHGNC:18305 | Mapping file id10159 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V0A1 | AuthorityHGNC:865 | Mapping file id535 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V0A2 | AuthorityHGNC:18481 | Mapping file id23545 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V0A4 | AuthorityHGNC:866 | Mapping file id50617 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V0B | AuthorityHGNC:861 | Mapping file id533 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V0C | AuthorityHGNC:855 | Mapping file id527 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V0D1 | AuthorityHGNC:13724 | Mapping file id9114 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V0D2 | AuthorityHGNC:18266 | Mapping file id245972 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V0E1 | AuthorityHGNC:863 | Mapping file id8992 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V0E2 | AuthorityHGNC:21723 | Mapping file id155066 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1A | AuthorityHGNC:851 | Mapping file id523 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1B1 | AuthorityHGNC:853 | Mapping file id525 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1B2 | AuthorityHGNC:854 | Mapping file id526 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1C1 | AuthorityHGNC:856 | Mapping file id528 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1C2 | AuthorityHGNC:18264 | Mapping file id245973 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1D | AuthorityHGNC:13527 | Mapping file id51382 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1E1 | AuthorityHGNC:857 | Mapping file id529 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1E2 | AuthorityHGNC:18125 | Mapping file id90423 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1F | AuthorityHGNC:16832 | Mapping file id9296 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1G1 | AuthorityHGNC:864 | Mapping file id9550 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1G2 | AuthorityHGNC:862 | Mapping file id534 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1G3 | AuthorityHGNC:18265 | Mapping file id127124 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP6V1H | AuthorityHGNC:18303 | Mapping file id51606 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP7A | AuthorityHGNC:869 | Mapping file id538 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP8A1 | AuthorityHGNC:13531 | Mapping file id10396 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneATP8B4 | AuthorityHGNC:13536 | Mapping file id79895 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneAZU1 | AuthorityHGNC:913 | Mapping file id566 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneB2M | AuthorityHGNC:914 | Mapping file id567 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
Evidence codes on this page: IEA, TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.
- Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.
03The hierarchy
Parents and children in this release's hierarchy
Children
- Advanced glycosylation endproduct receptor signalingR-HSA-87941513 genes
- Alpha-protein kinase 1 signaling pathwayR-HSA-964546011 genes
- Antimicrobial peptidesR-HSA-6803157101 genes
- C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)R-HSA-5621481132 genes
- Complement cascadeR-HSA-166658123 genes
- Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNAR-HSA-183494964 genes
- DAP12 interactionsR-HSA-217212744 genes
- DDX58/IFIH1-mediated induction of interferon-alpha/betaR-HSA-16892885 genes
- Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signalingR-HSA-2454202175 genes
- Fcgamma receptor (FCGR) dependent phagocytosisR-HSA-2029480143 genes
- FXIIa activates plasma kallikrein-kinin systemR-HSA-997067268 genes
- Neutrophil degranulationR-HSA-6798695479 genes
- Non-canonical inflammasome activationR-HSA-968611415 genes
- Nucleotide-binding domain, leucine rich repeat containing receptor (NLR) signaling pathwaysR-HSA-16864360 genes
- ROS and RNS production in phagocytesR-HSA-122255636 genes
- Toll-like Receptor CascadesR-HSA-168898174 genes
Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.
- Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.