Pathway Human Homo sapiens
Innate Immune System
R-HSA-168249 in Reactome release 97: under Immune System, with 1,207 genes placed in it by the mapping files and 16 child pathways in the hierarchy.
The same number in the other species
Reactome writes the mouse and rat events it infers from a human pathway under the human number with the species token. A door opens only where that species' own list in this release holds the id: R-MMU-168249 (mouse), R-RNO-168249 (rat). Whether the event was inferred from this one is what the record says.
01The record
Reactome's own record of this pathway
What this tells you
The pathway list, the hierarchy and the genes on this page are read from the files Reactome publishes for Reactome release 97, built into this site on 2026-09-09: the pathway list, the hierarchy relationship file and the two gene mapping files. The record card is the one live read, Reactome's own record of this pathway.
Reactome's download page describes the mapping files: Mapping files link the source database identifier to the lowest level pathway diagram or subset of the pathway, all levels of the pathway hierarchy or database identifier to all reactions.
[R13] The gene list here is the all-levels mapping of NCBI Gene ids, filled from the all-levels mapping of Ensembl ids where the NCBI file has no row for a gene; each row names which file it came from by the shape of its source id. Each row carries the evidence codes the file writes for it, as written and unranked, and both where the file writes both; no page of Reactome's documentation the survey read defines the codes, so this page does not expand them. A gene id the identity files do not name is kept as the source's own id with no door rather than turned into a symbol.
On citing what a search finds, Reactome says: It should be remembered that while we strive to contain the most current and accurate data, Reactome should not be used in citations where other primary sources of information are available.
[R12] The record card prints the literature Reactome attaches to a curated pathway for that reason. The data are public domain: All data in the Reactome database and files derived from that data are licensed under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0). User may copy, modify, and distribute these data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Attribution is encouraged but not required.
[R10] The pathway illustrations are licensed apart, under CC BY 4.0, and none is shown here.
A gene on this list is one Reactome places in this pathway in this release, and that is all the row says: it does not say the gene is expressed in a tissue or associated with a disease, which are the other two explorers' questions, read from other sources. Reactome's papers of record are [R01] [R02].
- [R01] Ragueneau E, Gong C, Sinquin P, Sevilla C, Beavers D, Grentner A, et al. (2026). The Reactome Knowledgebase 2026. Nucleic Acids Research 54:D673-D681. PMID 41251150, doi 10.1093/nar/gkaf1223.
- [R02] Milacic M, Beavers D, Conley P, Gong C, Gillespie M, Griss J, et al. (2024). The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase 2024. Nucleic Acids Research 52:D672-D678. PMID 37941124, doi 10.1093/nar/gkad1025.
- [R10] Reactome, reactome.org. License Agreement. https://reactome.org/license, read 2026-09-09.
- [R12] Reactome, reactome.org. Citing us. https://reactome.org/cite, read 2026-09-09.
- [R13] Reactome, reactome.org. Download. https://reactome.org/download-data, read 2026-09-09.
02The genes
Genes Reactome places in this human pathway
The mapping files place 1,207 genes in this human pathway; showing 1,101 to 1,200, in pages of 100, sorted by symbol for reading. The order carries no ranking. 10 of the rows shown carry an id the identity file does not name, kept as the source wrote it.
| Gene | Authority id | Mapping file id | Evidence codes |
|---|---|---|---|
| GeneTKFC | AuthorityHGNC:24552 | Mapping file id26007 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTLR1 | AuthorityHGNC:11847 | Mapping file id7096 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTLR10 | AuthorityHGNC:15634 | Mapping file id81793 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTLR2 | AuthorityHGNC:11848 | Mapping file id7097 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTLR3 | AuthorityHGNC:11849 | Mapping file id7098 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTLR4 | AuthorityHGNC:11850 | Mapping file id7099 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTLR5 | AuthorityHGNC:11851 | Mapping file id7100 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTLR6 | AuthorityHGNC:16711 | Mapping file id10333 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTLR7 | AuthorityHGNC:15631 | Mapping file id51284 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTLR8 | AuthorityHGNC:15632 | Mapping file id51311 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTLR9 | AuthorityHGNC:15633 | Mapping file id54106 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTMBIM1 | AuthorityHGNC:23410 | Mapping file id64114 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTMC6 | AuthorityHGNC:18021 | Mapping file id11322 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTMED7-TICAM2 | AuthorityHGNC:33945 | Mapping file id100302736 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTMEM179B | AuthorityHGNC:33744 | Mapping file id374395 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTMEM63A | AuthorityHGNC:29118 | Mapping file id9725 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTMT1A | AuthorityHGNC:24550 | Mapping file id25840 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTNFAIP3 | AuthorityHGNC:11896 | Mapping file id7128 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTNFAIP6 | AuthorityHGNC:11898 | Mapping file id7130 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTNFRSF1B | AuthorityHGNC:11917 | Mapping file id7133 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTNIP2 | AuthorityHGNC:19118 | Mapping file id79155 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTOLLIP | AuthorityHGNC:16476 | Mapping file id54472 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTOM1 | AuthorityHGNC:11982 | Mapping file id10043 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTOMM70 | AuthorityHGNC:11985 | Mapping file id9868 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTP53 | AuthorityHGNC:11998 | Mapping file id7157 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTRAF2 | AuthorityHGNC:12032 | Mapping file id7186 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTRAF3 | AuthorityHGNC:12033 | Mapping file id7187 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTRAF6 | AuthorityHGNC:12036 | Mapping file id7189 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTRAPPC1 | AuthorityHGNC:19894 | Mapping file id58485 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTREM1 | AuthorityHGNC:17760 | Mapping file id54210 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTREM2 | AuthorityHGNC:17761 | Mapping file id54209 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTREX1 | AuthorityHGNC:12269 | Mapping file id11277 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTRIM21 | AuthorityHGNC:11312 | Mapping file id6737 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTRIM25 | AuthorityHGNC:12932 | Mapping file id7706 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTRIM32 | AuthorityHGNC:16380 | Mapping file id22954 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTRIM4 | AuthorityHGNC:16275 | Mapping file id89122 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTRIM56 | AuthorityHGNC:19028 | Mapping file id81844 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTRPM2 | AuthorityHGNC:12339 | Mapping file id7226 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTSPAN14 | AuthorityHGNC:23303 | Mapping file id81619 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTTR | AuthorityHGNC:12405 | Mapping file id7276 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTUBB | AuthorityHGNC:20778 | Mapping file id203068 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTUBB4B | AuthorityHGNC:20771 | Mapping file id10383 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTXK | AuthorityHGNC:12434 | Mapping file id7294 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTXN | AuthorityHGNC:12435 | Mapping file id7295 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTXNDC5 | AuthorityHGNC:21073 | Mapping file id81567 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneTXNIP | AuthorityHGNC:16952 | Mapping file id10628 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneTYROBP | AuthorityHGNC:12449 | Mapping file id7305 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneUBA3 | AuthorityHGNC:12470 | Mapping file id9039 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUBA52 | AuthorityHGNC:12458 | Mapping file id7311 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUBA7 | AuthorityHGNC:12471 | Mapping file id7318 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUBB | AuthorityHGNC:12463 | Mapping file id7314 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUBC | AuthorityHGNC:12468 | Mapping file id7316 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUBE2D1 | AuthorityHGNC:12474 | Mapping file id7321 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneUBE2D2 | AuthorityHGNC:12475 | Mapping file id7322 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneUBE2D3 | AuthorityHGNC:12476 | Mapping file id7323 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneUBE2K | AuthorityHGNC:4914 | Mapping file id3093 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA |
| GeneUBE2L6 | AuthorityHGNC:12490 | Mapping file id9246 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneUBE2M | AuthorityHGNC:12491 | Mapping file id9040 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUBE2N | AuthorityHGNC:12492 | Mapping file id7334 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUBE2V1 | AuthorityHGNC:12494 | Mapping file id7335 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUBR4 | AuthorityHGNC:30313 | Mapping file id23352 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUNC13D | AuthorityHGNC:23147 | Mapping file id201294 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUNC93B1 | AuthorityHGNC:13481 | Mapping file id81622 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUSP14 | AuthorityHGNC:12612 | Mapping file id9097 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneUSP18 | AuthorityHGNC:12616 | Mapping file id11274 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneVAMP8 | AuthorityHGNC:12647 | Mapping file id8673 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneVAPA | AuthorityHGNC:12648 | Mapping file id9218 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneVAT1 | AuthorityHGNC:16919 | Mapping file id10493 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneVAV1 | AuthorityHGNC:12657 | Mapping file id7409 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneVAV2 | AuthorityHGNC:12658 | Mapping file id7410 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneVAV3 | AuthorityHGNC:12659 | Mapping file id10451 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneVCL | AuthorityHGNC:12665 | Mapping file id7414 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneVCP | AuthorityHGNC:12666 | Mapping file id7415 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneVNN1 | AuthorityHGNC:12705 | Mapping file id8876 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneVPS35L | AuthorityHGNC:24641 | Mapping file id57020 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneVRK3 | AuthorityHGNC:18996 | Mapping file id51231 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneVTN | AuthorityHGNC:12724 | Mapping file id7448 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneWAS | AuthorityHGNC:12731 | Mapping file id7454 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneWASF1 | AuthorityHGNC:12732 | Mapping file id8936 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneWASF2 | AuthorityHGNC:12733 | Mapping file id10163 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneWASF3 | AuthorityHGNC:12734 | Mapping file id10810 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneWASL | AuthorityHGNC:12735 | Mapping file id8976 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneWIPF1 | AuthorityHGNC:12736 | Mapping file id7456 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneWIPF2 | AuthorityHGNC:30923 | Mapping file id147179 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneWIPF3 | AuthorityHGNC:22004 | Mapping file id644150 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| GeneXRCC5 | AuthorityHGNC:12833 | Mapping file id7520 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneXRCC6 | AuthorityHGNC:4055 | Mapping file id2547 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneYES1 | AuthorityHGNC:12841 | Mapping file id7525 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneYPEL5 | AuthorityHGNC:18329 | Mapping file id51646 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| GeneZBP1 | AuthorityHGNC:16176 | Mapping file id81030 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| Geneno symbol in the identity file | Authoritynone | Mapping file id1238024 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| Geneno symbol in the identity file | Authoritynone | Mapping file id1253480 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| Geneno symbol in the identity file | Authoritynone | Mapping file id1254294 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| Geneno symbol in the identity file | Authoritynone | Mapping file id1254395 NCBI file | EvidenceIEA, TAS |
| Geneno symbol in the identity file | Authoritynone | Mapping file id155971 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| Geneno symbol in the identity file | Authoritynone | Mapping file id3636229 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| Geneno symbol in the identity file | Authoritynone | Mapping file id3644711 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| Geneno symbol in the identity file | Authoritynone | Mapping file id43740568 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| Geneno symbol in the identity file | Authoritynone | Mapping file id43740569 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
| Geneno symbol in the identity file | Authoritynone | Mapping file id43740570 NCBI file | EvidenceTAS |
Evidence codes on this page: IEA, TAS, as the mapping file writes them; a row carrying two was written twice by the file, once under each. The mapping file id says which file placed the gene: an NCBI Gene id from NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt, an Ensembl gene id from Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt. The two files can disagree about a code, so a row's codes are the one file's view. Measured by this site's build over this release on 2026-09-09: of the 138,908 human pathway-gene pairs both files place, 207 (0.149 per cent, over 47 genes) carry TAS in the Ensembl file where the NCBI rows carry IEA alone.
- Reactome mapping files, the human rows for this pathway · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"NCBI2Reactome_All_Levels.txt" and "Ensembl2Reactome_All_Levels.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.
03The hierarchy
Parents and children in this release's hierarchy
Children
- Advanced glycosylation endproduct receptor signalingR-HSA-87941513 genes
- Alpha-protein kinase 1 signaling pathwayR-HSA-964546011 genes
- Antimicrobial peptidesR-HSA-6803157101 genes
- C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)R-HSA-5621481132 genes
- Complement cascadeR-HSA-166658123 genes
- Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNAR-HSA-183494964 genes
- DAP12 interactionsR-HSA-217212744 genes
- DDX58/IFIH1-mediated induction of interferon-alpha/betaR-HSA-16892885 genes
- Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signalingR-HSA-2454202175 genes
- Fcgamma receptor (FCGR) dependent phagocytosisR-HSA-2029480143 genes
- FXIIa activates plasma kallikrein-kinin systemR-HSA-997067268 genes
- Neutrophil degranulationR-HSA-6798695479 genes
- Non-canonical inflammasome activationR-HSA-968611415 genes
- Nucleotide-binding domain, leucine rich repeat containing receptor (NLR) signaling pathwaysR-HSA-16864360 genes
- ROS and RNS production in phagocytesR-HSA-122255636 genes
- Toll-like Receptor CascadesR-HSA-168898174 genes
Reactome's hierarchy is a graph rather than a tree: a pathway can sit under more than one parent, and the gene counts are each pathway's own placements at every level under it, so a parent's count is not the sum of its children's.
- Reactome, the human pathway list and hierarchy relationship file · Reactome release 97 · read · Reactome downloads"ReactomePathways.txt" and "ReactomePathwaysRelation.txt", Reactome, release 97, https://reactome.org/download-data/ (date of access 2026-09-09). Data CC0; attribution encouraged.